Mentalization--based treatment promotes clients' ability to interpret the meaning of others' behavior by considering their underlying mental states and intentions, as well as clients' capacity to understand the impact of their own behaviors on others. This book is the first comprehensive clinical introduction to using this approach with children, 5--12 years old, who experience emotional and behavioral problems including anxiety and depression. Chapters examine problem assessment and case formulation, the therapist's stance, and treatment termination. The guide also includes a chapter--length case illustration and an appendix that lists measures of reflective functioning in children and their parents, and validation articles.