According to India's 2011 Census, its rural population accounted for 68.8% of the total population. A large proportion of the rural population is - either wholly or significantly - dependent on agriculture and allied activities, such as horticulture, animal husbandry, and fisheries. Workers in the unorganized (or informal) sector constitute more than 93% of the total workforce of India. Unorganized sector workers are those who do not have any job security, income security, or social security, and are therefore extremely vulnerable to exogenous shocks. Women in India's rural areas are clearly the overwhelming proportion of the workforce in the informal rural economy and most of them suffer from various forms of insecurities and vulnerabilities. This book examines the conditions of rural women workers. It focuses on policies and programs of the Indian government to ameliorate their socio-economic existence.